Educational pipeline issues stem from inadequate STEM education and support in primary and secondary schools.
Higher education challenges include high dropout rates and the prohibitive cost of STEM degrees, which deter students from completing their studies.
It include the rapid pace of technological advancement and a skills gap between academic training and industry needs.
It involve the underrepresentation of women and minorities in STEM fields due to systemic barriers and bias.
Immigration and policy factors, such as restrictive immigration policies and inconsistent funding, hinder the influx and development of STEM talent.